Macrolide treatment failures with macrolide resistant S. pneumoniae
12 patients (7 adults, 5 children) on oral macrolides were hospitalized with bacteremic pneumococcal infections (9 in Spain, 3 in US)
11 patients had pneumonia, 1 patient had bacteremia only
Macrolides being used were: erythromycin (3), azithromycin (4), clarithromycin (3), and josamycin (2)
11 of the isolates had ermB and 1 mefE gene
Garau et al., ICMASK 2000, abstract 7.09