1: Magn Reson Med.  2004 Jun;51(6):1272-8.  

Carbon blacks as EPR sensors for localized measurements of tissue oxygenation.

Lan M, Beghein N, Charlier N, Gallez B.

Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Radiopharmacy, Universite Catholique de
Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.

New electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) oximetry probes were identified in the
class of carbon black materials. These compounds exhibit very high oxygen
sensitivity and favorable EPR characteristics for biological applications. At
low pO(2), the linewidth is particularly sensitive to changes in oxygen tension
(sensitivity of 750 mG/mmHg). The application of the probes for oximetry was
demonstrated in vivo: the pO(2) was measured in muscle in which the blood flow
was temporarily restricted as well as in tumor-bearing mice during a carbogen
breathing challenge. The responsiveness to pO(2) was stable in muscle for at
least 3 months. No toxicity was observed using these materials in cellular
experiments and in histological studies performed 2, 7, and 28 days after
implantation. In view of their EPR characteristics (high sensitivity) as well as
the well-characterized production procedure that make them available on a large
scale, these probes can be considered as very promising tools for future
developments in EPR oximetry. Copyright 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

PMID: 15170849 [PubMed - in process]